疏勒河流域天然水质研究及水环境保护

Water quality and water environmental protection of the Shule River basin

疏勒河流域河水的化学组成虽不尽相同,但大部分河段阴离子中以HCO3-占优势,阳离子中以Ca2+为主。以每升水中的毫克浓度为单位,阴离子HCO3->Cl->SO42-,阳离子Ca2+>Mg2+>Na++K+;只有党河下游段敦煌所采水样则是HCO3->Cl->SO42-,Ca2+>Na++K+>Mg2+。按照水文地质学的常用方法,根据每升水中主要阴、阳离子的浓度,将河水分为3种类型押重碳酸盐类、硫酸盐类和氯化物类熏但大部分河段属重碳酸盐类。根据取样测试,河水的总矿化度值256.12～413.74mg/l,河水总硬度变化在3.37～7.16me/l之间,其总碱度值2.62～4.25me/l。文章还对疏勒河流域河水中微量元素的含量进行了分析、研究,对水质状况进行了评价并提出了水环境保护的意见和措施。

Based on investigations of the hydrologic characteristics of the Shule River basin,studies of the hydro-chemical properties of the basin are mainly carried out in this paper.Most of the sections of the Shule River are dominated with HCO3- in anions and Ca2+ in cations,with orders in milligram equivalent percentage of HCO3ˉ >Cl- >SO42- in anion and Ca2+ >Mg2+>Na++K+ in cation.However,different orders occur in the lower reaches of the Danghe,namely,HCO3-> Cl-> SO42- in anion and Ca2+ >Na++K+>Mg2+ in cation.According to conventional hydro-geological methods,three types of river water,i.e.,bicarbonate,sulfate and chloride,can be classified by taking the major aqueous anions and cations milligram equivalents as criteria.Tests show that most samples belong to bicarbonate types.According to the sampling test,the total mineralization of the river water varies between 256 and 414mg/l,total hardness ranges between 3.37 and 7.16me/l,and total alkalinity,between 2.62 and 4.25me/l. This paper also studies and analyses the concentrations of the trace elements of the river water in the Shule River basin and makes an assessment of the water quality of the region.Suggestions and countermeasures on water conservation are also presented.