上海市杨浦区涉苯企业职业卫生危害现状调查

Investigation on present status of occupational hazard in benzene related enterprises in Yangpu district of Shanghai

目的 调查涉苯企业贯彻国家职业卫生法规执行情况及现状 ,为建立辖区职业卫生监督的有效管理提供依据。方法 依据《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》、《使用有毒物品作业场所劳动保护条例》等法律、法规和国家职业卫生标准 ,依法对辖区 60家涉苯企业进行监督检查。结果 部分用人单位法制意识淡薄 ,作业场所职业病危害因素检测与评价等管理制度及措施不健全 ,作业场所三苯浓度抽测点合格率为 87 1% ,其中 7家企业三苯浓度超过国家卫生标准 ,苯白血病检出 1例 ,检出率为 17 7/ 10万。结论 用人单位在职业卫生管理方面与国家职业卫生法律、法规要求尚有较大差距 ,潜在职业危害依然存在。因此 ,建立有效的职业卫生监督管理机制 。

ObjectiveTo offer the basis for establishi ng an effective management system of occupational health supervision. Met h ods60 enterprises related to benzene were inspected in accordance with the applicable laws. ResultsSome employers were devoid of con sciousness of legal system, occupational health management systems of these ente r prises such as testing and assessing the occupational-disease-inductive factor s in the workplace were not established yet. Concentraction of benzene, toluene and xylene was detected in the workplace of the enterprises, the qualification r ate was 87 1%, however, the concentration in 7 enterprises was beyond th e nation al occupational health standard. 1 benzene leukemia patient was found, the verif ication rate was 17 7/100 000. ConclusionRemarkable deficie ncies were shown between the occupational health management of the enterprises a nd the demand of the occupational-disease-prevention laws and regulations, to establish an effective occupational health supervision and management system would be in urgent need.