汉语句式初探

A Tentative Analysis of Chinese Syntactic Constructions

本文讨论了汉语句式的特点 ,认为语用是造成汉语不同句式的主要动因。相对于英语来说 ,汉语的语序比较灵活 ,题元角色与句法论元的对应规律不易确定。在分析了主、宾语概念的基础上 ,指出用传统的主 -谓定义汉语句式存在着理据上的不足 ,认为把汉语句式分析为话题 -述评结构更符合汉语的实际。

This paper takes the Chinese syntactic construction as its focus, holding that the pragmatic elements are attributable to the variety of Chinese syntactic constructions. Compared with the English language, the Chinese language is much more flexible in word order and less rigid in the corresponding relationship between thematic roles and syntactic arguments. In the light of the analysis of syntactic subject and object, the paper argues that the Chinese language should be defined as containing topic-prominent rather than subject-prominent structures.