高碘摄入与儿童智力水平关系的研究

Relation between excessive iodine intake and mental development of children

目的 探讨正常及高碘摄入与儿童智力发育水平的关系。方法 根据江苏省丰县、沛县和铜山县 13个乡 (镇 )居民饮用水碘含量的检测结果 ,将其分 6个组 :水碘 <10 0 (A) ,10 0～ (B) ,30 0～ (C) ,5 0 0～ (D) ,70 0～ (E)和≥90 0 μg/L(F)。共选择 8～ 15岁学生 2 0 13名对其身高、体重、智商、尿碘水平进行测量 ,对 6个组的结果进行比较分析。结果 11岁以上年龄组 ,高碘的D组 (10 5 5 ) ,E组 (10 5 2 )和F组 (10 2 3)学生的平均智商显著低于正常的A组(10 8 9) (P <0 0 1) ;智商与水碘含量 (β =- 0 80 3)、尿碘含量呈负相关 (β =- 0 5 4 6 )。 11岁以下年龄组 ,F组学生的智商也显著低于A组学生。结论 过高碘摄入会影响儿童的智力发育 ,最高允许的碘浓度 ,水碘为 30 0 μg/L或尿碘80 0 μg/L。

Objective To describe the relationship of excessive iodine intake with intellectual development of children.Methods Iodine concentrations in drinking water and in urine were assessed in 13 townships in Feng,Pei and Tongshan counties of Jiangsu Province.Based on the median iodine concentration in drinking water,the townships were divided into six groups:water iodine <100(A),100-(B),300-(C), 500-(D),700-(E) and ≥900?μg/L (F).IQ was measured.Schoolchildren aged 8-15 years with a combined Raven test,weight,height,and urinary iodine concentration data were also collected and compared among 6 groups.Results For children.aged >11years,the mean IQ scores of group D (105.5),group E (105.2) and group F (102.3) were significantly lower ( P <0.01) than the mean IQ score of group A (108.9).IQ was related negatively to concentration of iodine in drinking water and in the urine ( β = -0.803, β =-0.546 respectively).The IQ of children aged ≤11years in group F was also lower than their counterparts in group A.Conclusion Excessive iodine intake appeared to impair cognitive development of schoolchildren.Results supported the premise that the maximum allowable iodine concentration in drinking water should be set at 300 or 800?μg/L in urine.