钛合金激光穿透焊的焊缝成形(Ⅰ)

Research on weld shaping for laser fully penetration welding titanium alloy (Ⅰ)

在对钛合金激光穿透焊焊缝成形特征分析的基础上研究了激光焊主要工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响 ,同时对比研究了CO2 激光和YAG激光穿透焊时焊缝成形的差异。研究结果表明 ,在穿透焊条件下 ,CO2 激光和YAG激光焊接钛合金焊缝都具有钉形和近X形两种典型的截面形貌。焊缝成形与焊接热输入及激光功率密度有密切联系。随焊接热输入和激光功率密度的增大 ,焊缝截面由钉形向近X形转变。在采用同样工艺规范获得近X形焊缝成形时 ,YAG激光焊缝的对称度显著高于CO2 激光焊缝。通过调整激光功率、焊接速度和离焦量等激光焊工艺参数 ,可以对焊缝成形进行有效控制 ,提高焊接接头质量。

According to the characteristics of weld shaping, the effect of the major laser welding parameters on weld shaping was investigated, and the differences between CO_2 laser and YAG laser fully penetrated weld shaping were compared. It showed that the cross section of both CO_2 laser and YAG laser fully penetrated weld of titanium alloy were typically of nail shape or near X shape, which was related to heat input and laser power density in welding. With increase of heat input and laser power density, the cross section of the weld transformed from nail shape to near X shape. And YAG laser weld of near X shape was more symmetrical than CO_2 laser weld with the same laser welding parameters. By adjusting the laser welding parameters, such as laser power, welding speed and focus position, the weld shaping could be controlled effectively and the welding quality could be improved.