特殊矿体的物理力学性质及其可凿性可爆性试验研究

Experimental study of physical properties and drillability and blastability of special ore-bodies

针对使用普氏系数f不能对可凿性和可爆性差异很大的特殊矿体进行分级的情况,通过取样测试对该类特殊矿体的波阻抗等10项参数进行了试验研究,提出了合理的分级方法,即:使用矿岩凿碎比功和磨蚀性评价矿岩可凿性;使用在标准条件下矿岩爆破漏斗实验中所测定的爆破块度组成和爆破漏斗体积,计算出矿岩可爆性指数来评价其可爆性。此外,对该矿体凿岩时,需适当缩小孔径,使用中高风压潜孔钻机、高效耐磨钻头和高质配套钻具;在爆破时,需使用低爆速铵油类炸药,适当扩大孔网参数等。

The grading method based on f is widely used in metal mines. But it isn't suitable to the special ore-bodies whose drillability and blastability is largly different. Based on the experimental study of ten parameters of specimen, proper grading methods are proposed, i.e., the drillability is evaluated by use of the scaled energy of drilling and fracturing and abrasion, the blastability is evaluated by use of the blastability index decided by the form of block and the volume of explosion crater in explosion crater test under the standard condition. Thus the result of the special ore-bodies with bad drillability and good blastability is obtained. Proper suggestions are provided for drilling and blasting, that is, reducing diameter of holes, using down-the-hole machines with medium and high pressure, bits with high efficiency and good abrasion resistance, accessional machines with high quality, cheap AN-FO mixtures with low explosion velocity, and increasing bore-hole parameters, et al .