废水生物脱氮中N_2O和NO_x的来源及生成机理

Sources and Production Mechanisms for N_2O and NO_x in Wastewater Biological Nitrogen Removal

N2O和NOx是废水生物脱氮处理中常见的中间产物,传统硝化和反硝化被认为是其主要来源,但随着研究的深入,更多的生物氮转化代谢途径被发现,如厌氧氨氧化、化学反硝化等,实验已经证实这些过程中都有N2O和/或NOx生成。生物酶受到抑制和某些中间物质的化学分解以及物质间的化学反应都有可能成为N2O和NOx的生成机理,还有一些过程的机理尚不清楚。结合功能微生物的种类和生物化学反应类型阐述废水生物脱氮气态中间产物N2O和NOx的来源及生成机理,有助于新的氮代谢途径的认识、新技术开发和大气环境二次污染的防治。

In wastewater biological treatment for nitrogen removal, N_2O and NO_x are common gaseous intermediates. Traditional nitrification and denitrification are considered to be the main soueces for them. But with the development of relevant study , more new metablic pathways for nitrogen are found and the production of N_2O and/or NO_x in these processes are experimentally confirmed, which makes the mechanisms for N_2O and NO_x production more complex. Though inhibitory of enzymes and chemical reaction are the probable mechanisms, there are still others unknown. Discussing the sources and mechanisms of N_2O and NO_x in wastewater treatment from the point of contributing microorganisms and biochemistry reaction will benefits the understanding of new nitrogen metabolic pathways, the development of new technology and the protection of air pollution from NO_x.