等宽明渠交汇口水流一维数学模型

One-dimension mathematical model for flow at equal-width open-channel junction

本文采用理论分析及试验手段,对等宽明渠缓流交汇水流进行了研究。对交汇口流动的各种影响因素进行了量纲分析,确定表征流动特性的主要物理量。根据水力学基本理论,建立了交汇口上下游水深比的普遍方程,方程中考虑了动量修正系数、动能修正系数、支流汇入角等影响因素的影响,并对水深比与交汇角、流量比及水流Fr数之间的变化关系进行了讨论。解析表达式的计算结果与实验结果符合较好。

The flow phenomenon at the junction of two open channels was studied theoretically and experimentally. The dimension analysis method was applied to determine the major factors affecting the flow characteristics. On this basis, the universal analytical expression for the ratio of the flow depth upstream of the junction to the flow depth downstream of the junction was deduced according to the principle of hydraulics. In the expression, the momentum correction coefficient, energy correction coefficient and the influence of confluence angle were taken into account. The relationships between depth ratio and confulence angle, discharge ratio as well as Froude number are investigated. The validity of this analytical expression is verified by model test.