高花培力籼稻种质的获得与分析

Acquirement and analysis of indica rice germplasms with high anther culturability

在利用花培技术对Hs-3(籼稻)×EPS(籼稻)的2个F4株系进行快速纯合的育种过程中,意外发现其绿苗率很高.为验证高花培力的可遗传性,并筛选高花培力的籼稻种质,对两株系花培当代(H1)的58个单株进行了花培试验.结果表明:(1)花培力在H1株间存在很大变异;(2)高花培力是可以遗传的,有7个H1单株的花培绿苗率在10%以上,最高达到29.2%;(3)出愈率、绿苗分化率和绿苗率的遗传力都很高,依次为90.5%、81.8%和88.3%,因此十分有利于选择;(4)出愈率与绿苗分化率之间呈极显著正相关,因此在一定程度上可以通过出愈率的选择来获得较高绿苗分化率和绿苗率的基因型.

Two F_4 lines derived from Hs-3 (indica) × EPS(indica)were ocassionaly found to have very high green plant frequency in anther culture conducted for accelerating their becoming homozygous. To verify whether the high anther culturability was heritable and to screen for germplasms of indica rice with high anther culturability, 58 anther-culture progeny (H_1) plants of the two F_4 lines were tested for anther culturability. The results were as follows: (1) there was great variation in anther cultureability among the H_1 plants; (2) the green plant frequencies of the seven H_1 plants were more than 10%, which indicated the high anther culturability was heritable; (3) the heritabilities of callus induction frequency, callus differentiation frequency and green plant frequency were as high as 90.5%, 81.8% and 88.3%, respectively, so it would benefit the selection of high anther culturability; (4) there was an extremely significant correlation between callus induction frequency and callus differentiation frequency, which suggested that genotypes with high callus differentiation frequency and high green plant frequency could, to some extent, be acquired via selection based on callus induction frequency.