SX系列矮化砧对苹果生长结果的影响

Effects of SX Dwarf Rootstocks on Apple Growth and Fruiting

SX系列苹果矮化砧是用富平秋子分别与M26、M9、M7矮化砧杂交育成。1997年以富平秋子作基砧,以SX系列无性砧木、M26砧木(CK)作中间砧嫁接秋富1品种,在陕西渭北建园试验,中间砧基本埋入土中,地面露出3～5cm。经连续7年对各组合的鉴定表明,SX系列的致矮作用相当或高于M26,嫁接品种的累计产量显著高于M26,果实着色指数、可溶性固形物含量、果肉硬度、果形指数均优于或与M26相当,果个普遍大于M26,大部分SX系列的抗旱性和抗偏斜能力优于M26。其中SX126、SX13、SX138和SX140综合性状优良,可在渭北黄土高原苹果产区及条件相同的地区应用。

The SX apple dwarf rootstocks were bred from the hybrids between Malus prunifolia Borkh. and M26, M9 or M7 respectively. The experiment was set up in Weibei Area,Shaanxi Province in 1997, with Akita Fuji 1 as scion variety, SX clones and M26(CK)as inter-stocks,M. prunifolia Borkh. as rootstock and most part of inter-stock being buried in soil with 3～5 cm long left out of soil. The results of 7 year investigation showed that the dwarfing ability of SX rootstocks was equal to or higher than M26, with significantly higher accumulation yield of cultivar and generally larger fruits as well; the fruit color index, soluble solid content, fruit flesh firmness and fruit shape index were better than or equal to M26. The majority of SX rootstocks had higher hardiness and anti-leaning ability. It was concluded that clones of SX126, SX13, SX138 and SX140, with better integrated traits, were satisfactory to be used in Weibei Area and other places with the similar conditions in Loess Plateau apple growing area.