苹果矮化砧木‘辽砧2号’选育

Breeding Report of Apple Dwarf Rootstock 'Liaozhen 2'

从1135系的助列涅特与M9杂交实生苗中选出优良苹果矮化砧木—辽砧2号(原代号80-1-6),经过22年田间观查和区试鉴定,其矮化性、早果性、丰产性、生根性与M26相近,适应性强于M26,以其为中间砧的富士树栽后6年进入盛果期,平均株产为23.5kg,同龄M26为17.2kg;8年生树冠积为4.07m3,同龄M26为4.58m3,树体存活率较M26高55%,平均每666.7m2产量1000kg以上;与基砧山定子和生产上主栽的富士系、元帅系、国光系等品种亲和性良好,以自根砧和中间砧方式利用均可。

Liaozhen 2, a promising dwarf apple rootstock, was derived from 1135 seedling, crossed between Molus pruniforlia and M9. Trials of 22 years proved its dwarfing characteristic, precocity, productivity and rooting ability are similar to those of M26, but its cold hardiness is higher than that of M26. Liaozhen 2 could be used as inter-stock for apple varieties. The production of 6-year-old trees of Fuji when grated over Liaozhen 2 (as inter-stock) reached 23.5 kg per tree, while grafted on M26 was only 17.2 kg. The tree canopy is similar to that of M26; under Liaoning winter conditions, the tree survival rate was 55% higher than that of grafted on M26. Liaozhen 2 has a good compatibility with the commercial apple varieties (Fuji,Ralls,Delicious etc) and the base rootstock of M. baccata Borkh. It can be well used as rootsock and inter-stock.