铅镉铝砷苯及X射线致淋巴细胞染色单体互换畸变的特性研究

STUDY OF INDCED BY CHROMATID INTERCHANGE IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES LEAD,ARSENIC,CADMIUM,BENZENE AND X-RAY EXPOSURE

目的 :探讨铅镉铝砷苯及 X射线致人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的特征性改变 ,为预测相关职业性肿瘤或癌前突变提供参考依据。方法 :采集存在职业病危害因素现场作业人群及正常人群外周血淋巴细胞体外染毒培养 72 h,观察染色体畸变类型及其特征。结果 :单因素镉污染接触人群及实验室条件下对淋巴细胞进行高浓度铅镉染毒时染色单体互换畸变细胞率为0 % ,染砷浓度≤ 0 .1mg/ L时未发生染色单体互换 ,染砷浓度达 0 .2～ 0 .4 mg/ L时 ,染色单体互换畸变细胞率为 1.2 4 % ,单因素镉及放射作业人员外周血分别与不同浓度含砷液作用时发现有染色单体互换 ,且染砷致染色单体互换畸变发生的浓度低于单一性染砷时的浓度。结论

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of chromatid aberration induced by lead, cadmium,arsenic,benzene and X-ray exposure induced (CA) of human lymphocytes.Methods:Blood lympocytes from workers occupationally exposured to lead, cadmium, arsenic, benzene, and X-ray were cultured for 72 hours. Cells were observed under optic microscope after Giemsa staining. Lymphocytes from nonexposed subjects were used as controls.Result:No exchange rates of chromatid exchange were detected in the lympcytes of cadmium exposure workers, lymphocytes of controls cultured in high concentration of lead or (10 800 μg/L), and lymphocyte from controls cultured in <0.1 mg /L cadmium concentration. In contrast, when lymphocyte from controls were cultured in>0.2~0.4 mg/L arsenic concentration, a 1.24% of chromatin exchange rate was detected. When lymphocytes from cadmium and X-ray exposure subjects were cultured with arsenic at different concentrations, a higher chromatin exchange rate was detected than that of culture of control lymphocytes with arsenic.Conclusion:The exchange rate of chromatid in lymphocytes was correlated to arsenic exposure levels.