两种生态卫生厕所对猪蛔虫卵的灭活效果比较

COMPARISON OF INACTIVATION EFFECTS OF TWO ECOLOGICAL TOILETS ON ASCARIS SUUM EGGS

目的 :了解粪尿分集式厕所及水压式双管道自动排渣沼气池两种生态卫生厕所对猪蛔卵的灭活效果并进行比较。方法 :采用 Tea袋法定期定量进行虫卵存活率观察。在监测点观察 5个粪尿分集式厕所和 5个沼气池 ,每厕粪坑放入 2 4个 Tea袋 ,每月对监测厕所采样一次 ,每次 (月 )抽取两袋进行虫卵存活率观察。采集回来的虫卵在实验室常温下培养 3周后再进行检查 ,并设对照组虫卵进行对比观察。结果 :存放于 5个粪尿分集式厕所粪坑内的猪蛔虫卵 ,1、2和 3个月后平均虫卵存活率分别为 89.6 6 %、6 3.5 7%和 19.4 2 % ,6个月后存活率仅为 1.4 9% ,11个月后虫卵存活率为 0 ;存放于沼气池发酵池内的猪蛔虫卵 ,1、2和 3个月后虫卵存活率分别为 10 0 %、84 .89%和 70 .6 4 % ,6个月后存活率为 5 7.4 9% ,活卵数量逐月减少 ,11个月后虫卵存活率为 0 ;而对照组的虫卵 1年后存活率为 85 .39%。结论 :两种生态卫生厕所对寄生虫卵均有较好的杀灭作用 。

Objective:To understand and compare the inactivation effect on ascaris suum eggs in urine directing toilets and methane tanks with two-pipe hydraulic pressure type and automatic residue extraction.Methods:To observe the survival rate of eggs rationally and regularly with tea bag methods. 24 tea bags with A. suum eggs were put into each of five toilets and five methane tanks and two bags from each toilet/tank were collected monthly. The eggs collected were examined after cultured in laboratory in normal temperature for three weeks and compared with those in control group.Result:The average survival rate of A. suum eggs in five toilets were 89.66%, 63.57% and 19.42% after burying 1~3 months, respectively and 1.49% after burying 6 months and 0 after 11 months; The average survival rate of A. suum eggs in five methane tanks were 100%, 84.89% and 70.64% after burying 1~3 months, respectively and 57.49% after burying 6 months and 0 after 11 months, while the survival rate in control group was 85.39% after 1 year.Conclusion:Both the urine directing toilet and methane tank have better effects on parasitic eggs, but the time for inactivation on eggs was earlier and the inactivation rate was higher in urine directing toilets than in methane tanks.