小麦新品种(系)Glu-1位点等位基因变异研究

Allelic variation of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci at Glu-1 in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) new cultivars

应用SDS-PAGE技术分析了40份小麦新品种(系)的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基等位基因变异。在Glu-1位点共检测到10种变异类型,其中Glu-A1位点有3种类型:Null、1、2*,Glu-B1位点有5种类型:7+8、7+9、14+15、7、17+18,Glu-D1位点有2种类型:2+12、5+10;Null(54.3%)、7+8(51.4%)和2+12(62.9%)分别是Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点上的主要亚基变异类型。另外,在2份材料的Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点各检测到1个新的亚基,分别命名为1By8.1和1Dx5*。Glu-1位点的Nei s遗传变异指数平均为0.5648,Glu-B1的遗传多样性最高,Glu-D1最低。供试小麦材料Glu-1位点的HMW-GS组合共有17种类型,以(Null,7+8,2+12)组合为主要类型,占31.4%;有9种亚基组合类型分别只在1份材料中出现,占26.1%。结果表明,这些小麦新品种(系)存在着丰富的亚基组合类型。

Allelic variation of high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits loci at Glu-1 was analyzed in 40 newly-bred bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (or advanced lines),by using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique.Ten HMW glutenin subunits have been identified,and three alleles were at the Glu-A1 locus,five at the Glu-B1 locus and two at the Glu-D1 locus.The most common alleles were Null,7+8 and 2+12,with the frequencies of 54.3%,51.4% and (62.9%),respectively.Moreover,two novel HMW subunit designated as 1By8.1 and 1Dx5~* have been found in the advanced line 13489 and the variety Wanmai 38,which have not been reported in Chinese bread wheat cultivars previously.The mean of Nei's genetic variation index (H) at Glu-1 loci was 0.564 8,the highest genetic diversity was found at Glu-B1,while the lowest at Glu-D1 locus.Seventeen HMW glutenin subunit combinations have been observed at Glu-1 loci,of which the combination (Null,7+8,2+12) has accounted up to 31.4%,nine combination groups have only one genotype each with the frequency of (26.1%).The results indicated that the combination of HMW is abundant among these tested wheat cultivars.