莱州湾利用海水资源灌溉菊芋研究

Effect of seawater irrigation on Helianthus tuberosus L.in Laizhou Gulf

于2002年在半干旱的山东莱州地区,利用海水资源进行了大田灌溉菊芋的试验,结果如下:(1)0～60cm土层内,Na+、Cl-明显地向土壤底层迁移;(2)菊芋的茎部具有明显的贮Cl-、Na+能力,在高比例(海、淡水体积比)矿化水灌溉下菊芋整个植株对K+具有较高的选择吸收性;(3)菊芋地上部和块茎产量在灌溉水中海水比例为30%的情况下,没有减产趋势,在50%海水灌溉下减产幅度分别为37%和32%;(4)利用海水资源对菊芋进行灌溉不影响其块茎中菊糖的含量,菊芋块茎中菊糖含量范围为40%～65%。

The field experiments were carried out in Laizhou, Shandong province in 2002 to study the effect of seawater irrigation on Helianthus tuberosus L.. The results were as below: (1)Na^+ and Cl^- leached in the 0～60 cm soil layers; (2)The stems of Helianthus tuberosus L. had the ability of containing high contents of Na^+ and Cl^-, and the whole plants absorbed selectively K^+ in high proportions of seawater irrigation; (3)The shoot and tuber yields of Helianthus tuberosus L. didn’t decrease clearly when the seawater proportion was less than 30%, and they decreased by 37% and 32% at the 50% seawater irrigation in contrast to freshwater-irrigation; (4)The inulin contents in tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L. were not affected by seawater irrigation, being in the range of 40%~65%.