几种高效磷肥在酸性土壤中的肥效及电子顺磁共振研究

Research on electron paramagnetic resonance of modified phosphate fertilizers

在节酸磷肥的生产过程中,在磷矿粉中加入一定比例的添加剂,制成3种新型改性磷肥.化学分析结果表明,改性磷肥有效磷中水溶性磷比例下降;盆栽试验结果显示,在等重条件下,3种改性磷肥的玉米生物量较过磷酸钙均有较大幅度的增加;运用电子顺磁共振(EPR)对改性磷肥和植株的顺磁元素进行了研究,发现改性磷肥的EPR谱与磷矿粉相比则发生较大变化,经改性后,改性磷肥Mn2+的超精细结构谱峰消失,说明磷矿粉经改性后其结构趋于无序.改性磷肥的施用能改善植物对微量元素Fe3+、Mn2+的均衡吸收并使Fe3+、Mn2+在植物体内分布更为有序,是其生物量增产的内因.

In the productive process of save sulphuric acid phosphate fertilizer, different proportional additives were added to ground phosphate rock to produce three new modified phosphate fertilizers. The chemical analysis showed that the proportion of water-soluble phosphorus in available phosphorus in the high efficiency phosphate fertilizers had been decreased. Meanwhile the pot experiment showed that three high efficiency phosphate fertilizers had more positive effect on increasing biomass than ordinary superphosphate calcium under the condition of equivalent weight. Moreover, phosphorus uptake by plant and phosphorus content of plant also increased remarkably. We also used Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to analyze the paramagnetic element of modified phosphate fertilizers and corn plant, and found that their EPR spectra peak of modified phosphate fertilizers had been changed greatly than that of phosphate rock. The superfine EPR spectra of Mn^(2+) in modified phosphate fertilizers disappeared after modified phosphate fertilizers were modified, which meant that the structure of modified phosphate fertilizers had fallen into disorder. Modified phosphate fertilizers could improve balanced absorption of Fe^(3+) and Mn^(2+), which was responsible for the biomass production increase.