论科学与工程的结构性差异

On Structural Differences Between Science And Engineering

工程最初被理解为自然科学的应用,然而科学与工程之间的区别是需要进一步澄清的。二者间最简单的区别表现在自然物的科学同人造物的科学之间的区别,而创造性并不能作为科学同工程之间的根本区别。工程师寻找实现目标的手段,手段则是由规则给出的,而且是在技术可能性上有效的。为了更好地理解工程,需要引入技术解释学,并且把工程科学的哲学溶入技术的形而上学之中。

In the very beginning, engineering was considered as an application of natural sciences. However, the difference between science and engineering ought to be further clarified. The simplest distinction between them is that between a science of nature and a science of artifacts, whereas creativity has no distinguishing quality between science and engineering. An engineer seeks means to get a goal, the means is offered by the rules that must be effective in the sense of technological possibility. To understand engineering better, it is necessary to introduce so-called technological hermeneutics and to put a philosophy of engineering science in metaphysics of technology.