大针茅草原蛴螬群落特征研究

Community features of Scarabaeoidea larvae in Stipa grandis steppe

内蒙古典型草原的主体植被类型———大针茅 (Stipagrandis)草原中 ,有蛴螬 4科 9种 .构成大针茅草原蛴螬群落的 4个科中 ,以鳃金龟科种类数、个体数为最多 ,主要种群的重要值排序为黑皱鳃金龟、东方绢金龟、马铃薯鳃金龟及弓斑常丽金龟 .几种蛴螬在发生上大致呈 3种类型 :春季和秋季大量发生 ,如东方绢金龟 ;一年中密度波动较小 ,如弓斑常丽金龟 ;秋季大量发生 ,如黑皱鳃金龟和马铃薯鳃金龟 .大针茅草原蛴螬群落的多样性特征在于秋季群落多样性和物种的丰度较高 ,而夏季相对较低 .春季蛴螬群落种群丰度较高 ,但群落结构相对较单调 .

The study showed that in the Stipa grandis steppe of Inner Mongolia,there were 4 families and 9 species of Scarabaeoidea larvae,among which,the numbers of species and individuals of Melolonthidae were more than those of other families.The important value of the dominant species in Scarabaeoidea larvae community were Trematodes tenebrioides >Serica orientalis >Amphimallon solstitialis >Cyriopertha arcuata.Based on the features of their seasonal dynamics,they could be classified into three kinds.The first kind was that their density peak occurred in spring and autumn,such as Serica orientalis.Cyriopertha arcuata belonged to the second kind,and its density had no obvious fluctuation through all the year.Trematodes tenebrioides and Amphimallon solstitialis could be classified into the third kind,and their density peak all occurred in autumn.The biodiversity index of Scarabaeoidea larvae community was relatively higher in autumn than in spring and summer.Although the richness of Scarabaeoidea larvae populations was not lower in spring,their composition was very simple.