环境因子对东海区帆式张网主要渔获物渔获量影响

Effects of environmental factors on catch variation of main species of stow net fisheries in East China Sea

帆式张网渔业是东海区重要的渔业捕捞方式之一 .利用广义加性模型 (GAMs)定量研究了海表水温、渔场水深、渔场位置和潮汐 (农历日期 )等环境因子对东海区帆式张网主要渔获物渔获量变动的影响 .结果表明 ,海表水温和渔场水深是影响带鱼、小黄鱼和鲳鱼单位努力渔获量 (CPUE)的主要因子 ,且各因子的影响程度不尽相同 ,多呈非线性相关关系 .从模型的拟合结果来看 ,海表水温对带鱼的影响最大 ,其次是水深 ,渔场位置和潮汐的影响很小 .渔场水深对小黄鱼的影响最大 ,海表水温、渔场位置和潮汐的影响比较接近 .渔场水深和海表水温是影响鲳鱼单位努力渔获量的主要环境因子 ,影响程度比较接近 .

Stow net fishery is one of the important fishing methods in the East China Sea.This paper used the generalized additive models (GAMs) to quantitatively describe the relationships between stow net catch and environmental factors (sea surface temperature SST,water depth,fishing position and tide) in the East China Sea.The results indicated that each factor had its own nonlinear effect on the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of haitail (Trichiurus japonicus),small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) and butter fish (Pampus spp.),and SST and water depth were the key factors.The GAMs' fitting results showed that SST had the strongest effect on the catch per unit effort of haitail,and water depth had the second one.The effects of fishing location and tide were very small.Water depth was the most influential variable when adjusted for the effects on small yellow croaker.SST,fishing location and tide had similar effects.Meanwhile,water depth and SST were the key factors affecting the catch per unit effort of butter fish.They had similar intensity.