西南地区泥石流灾害及防灾预警

Disaster and early warning of debris flow in the southwest of China

西南地区山地分布广泛,地质条件复杂,构造运动剧烈,是山地灾害严重地区之一,其中泥石流灾害尤为突出。它们严重地威胁着人民生命财产安全,给国民经济造成重大损失。为此,加强泥石流灾害的防治和研究极为必要。文章论述了西南地区泥石流的特征、形成原因和分布规律,总结当前泥石流的防治及其预测预报的方法和经验,详细地论述了西南地区泥石流灾害防治应以预防为主,指出今后防治泥石流灾害的发展方向是成灾信息采集和传输的网络化、实时化、自动化、数字化(可视化)等,使其成灾信息能够实现实时更新,便于科学管理及信息可视,从而准确、实时地预报、预警,为泥石流灾害防治提供科学依据。

There are widespread mountains in southwest of China, and complex and atrocious geological conditions result in the frequency of geological disasters,especially the debris flow.This paper describes the comprehensive environment of debris flow formation,basic features,and laws of distribution in the area, and also summarizes the current control and forecast technology in china,and then points out that the main measure for disaster mitigation is prediction and engineering control and that the prediction technology needs to be developed.At the same time it said that the technic of collecting, transmit and display should be network,real time,automation and visualization,and those are the developing direction.For accurate and prompt forecast and early warning of debris flow,the disaster information should be updated, dealt with and visualized immediately,which will provide scientific management and decisions for debris flow control.