北伐初期广东地区的劳动运动与国民政府的应对

The Reaction of the Republican Government to the Labor Movement in Guangdon at the Beginning of the Northern Expedition

北伐初期,广东工会的左右派之间出现了相当尖锐的组织纠纷。对此,国民政府实际上接受了以蒋介石为首的军方的主张,认为纠纷的扩大可能会带来后方的混乱。蒋介石和军事当局强调民众运动的自律性及其对军事路线的从属性,企图通过对劳动运动(民众运动)进行统制来实现军事(北伐)优先,从而与中共民众运动优先的主张严重对立。对立的产生是与国共各自的革命目标相关联的,而这种对立随着中共强调民众运动为首要目标而日益明显地表露出来,因此最先在广东地区出现了国共对立和分化,接着上海和武汉也发生了国共对立和分化。

At the beginning of the Northern Expedition, fictions existed there between the left and right wings of the labor union in Guagdong. The republican government virtually took the posi- tion of the millitary under Chiang Kai-shek's command. Worried about a possible chaotic situation brought forth by the frictions in the rear areas, Chiang Kai-shek and the millitary authorities laid em- phasis on the self discipline of the mass movement and on its subjection to the millitary strategy, at- tempting to bring the labor movement under control so that priority could be given to the millitary moves (the Northern Expedition). This collided severely with the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) priority to the mass movement. Divergence and hostility between the CCP and the Kouming- tang appeared firstly in Guangdong and later in Shanghai and Wuhan.