帝国主义在华租借地与大连城市发展研究(1905～1931)

On the Imperialistic Leaseholds in China and the Urban Development of Dalian (1905-1931)

横跨于两种帝国主义传统分界线上的大连,具有"正式"与"非正式"帝国主义城市的特点。在研究大连和关东租借地的历史时,使用"契约形式的帝国主义"的概念是有价值的。关东租借地是外国殖民占领的产物,其治理是为了日本而非中国的战略和经济利益。日本占领下的大连,始终处于殖民主义统治、劳工罢工不断、中国民族主义觉醒和日本侵略深入交织而造成的复杂多变的不稳定社会状态中。它位于南满地区广阔铁路网的终端,在更大的历史背景下,为日本夺取具有战略意义的满洲丰富的资源提供了一个有效通道,同时大连也成为日本统治周边地区的一个工商业基地,其受外国经济、政治和社会控制的程度要高于其他地区。

Dalian straddled the fence marking the traditional boundary between formal and informal imperialism. The concept of 'contractual formal imperialism' proves useful when examining the history of Dalian and the Guangdong leasehold. The Guangdong leasehold was the product of a foreign colonial occupation, which was administered for the strategic and economic benefit of Japan and not China Occupied by Japan. Dalian was in a state of flux, caught in the currents of colonialism and development, labor unrest, emerging Chinese nationalism, and growing Japanese aggression. Situated at the terminus of the region's extensive railway network, Dalian's role in the larger picture was always to provide an efficient funnel for the exploitation of Manchuria's rich resources for Japan's strategic interests, and an industrial and commercial base for subsequent Japanese designs on the surrounding region, and therefore the degree of foreign economic, political and social control in Dalian was greater than was the case in anywhere else.