基于沙化状况和适宜性的土地利用结构调整

Adjustment of land use distribution based on desertification status and land adaptability

根据科尔沁沙地2000年的土地利用数据、从相同时期的TM影像上提取的土地沙漠化数据和土地适宜性数据,运用ARC/INFO、ARCVIEW软件和Access统计软件,分析了研究区土地利用、土地沙漠化和适宜性之间的对应关系,基于土地利用现状和适宜性进行了土地利用结构的调整,确定调整土地的面积及其空间分布。主要结论如下:草地、耕地和林地是主要土地利用类型,沙漠化原因存在差异,耕地沙化的主要原因是不宜耕作的林地、草地的开垦,而林地和草地的沙化则是由于土地质量差、利用强度大而造成的。土地利用结构调整后,耕地面积减少,草地和林地面积增加。科尔沁沙地的治理应将土地利用结构调整与农业、畜牧业经营方式的改变、土壤改良结合起来。

Based on the land use data, desertification data obtaining from TM image of the year 2000, and the land adaptability data, the relationship among them was analyzed, and also the area and distribution of land use were adjusted based on land desertification and adaptability, by the aid of software ARC/INFO ARCVIEW and Access. The conclusions are as follows: The cultivated land, forest land and pasture land are the mainstream land use types. The driving forces of land desertification are different, the main cause of crop land desertification is the reclamation of land adapting to forest and grass, on the other hand, the poor land quality and the intensive use are the leading causes of desertification of pasture land and forest land. The adjustment results of land use distribution are that the area of cultivated land decreases and the area of forest land and pasture land increases. In order to control the desertification land in Korqin Sandy Land, the adjustment of land use distribution should be combined with the changing of farming management and soil improvement.