解析“敌托邦”

Analysis of Dystopia

敌托邦表示了一个与乌托邦相反的,由于掠夺、压迫或恐怖造成生活条件极差的假想社会。按讨论主题,敌托邦可分为资本主义敌托邦、末世敌托邦、技术敌托邦、极权主义敌托邦和人口过剩敌托邦等类别;它具有假想性、社会性、相对性、直觉性等特征。敌托邦是人类否定思维的一种表现形式,它与后现代主义相迎合,其本质是一种文化批评主义。敌托邦的文化批评倾向性对促进20世纪文化批评思潮蓬勃发展产生了重要影响,其思想内涵也已作为技术批评主义思想的有机组成部分而纳入技术哲学研究视域。

Dystopia is the commonly used antonym of utopia. It is an imaginary place or state where the human living conditions are extremely bad due to deprivation, oppression and/or terror. As described, the dystopia can be assumed falling into some types, such as capitalistic, off-world, technological, totalitarian and overpopulation dystopia. The imagination, sociality, relativity and intuition feature the dystopia which as a representation form of human negative thinking to cater to postmodernism, is essentially a kind of culture criticism. Its tendency to criticize culturally the world had promoted and impacted deeply the trend of cultural criticism in the last century. The connotation of dystopia has entered into the philosophy of technology as an organic integral part of technological criticism.