长白山植被类型特征与演替规律的研究

Characteristics and succession rules of vegetation types in Changbai Mountain

根据多次对长白山植被调查和长期定位观测资料 ,全面系统地总结了长白山植被类型特征和演替规律 ,详细描述了长白山地带性和非地带性植被类型的性质、组成、结构和分布规律 ,探讨了长白山植被演替与火山爆发的关系。提出长白山植被垂直分布基带应是红白松阔叶混交林 ,也是长白山地带性植被类型。但由于长期受人类活动影响 ,削弱了地带性表现 ,形成大面积的天然次生林和耕地。据此不应该认为 ,人类能消灭客观自然规律的植被分布的地带性 ,为了恢复地带性植被和定向改造自然 ,应引进地带性树种 ,营造结构合理、种类多样和稳定性强的森林群落。

Vegetaion characters and succession rules were generalized,based on the investigations and long-term positional observation in.the Changbai Mountain,the property,composition,structure and distribution of Changbai Mountain’s zonal and azonal vegetation types were described in detail.The relationship between vegetation succession of Changbai Mountain and volcanic outbreaks were discussed.Pinus koraiensis-Abies holophylla broad-leaved mixed forest is considered to be the vertical distribution baseband of Changbai Mountain vegetation,and it is also the zonal vegetation type of Changbai Mountain.Chronically influenced by human activity,zonal vegetation was weakened and large area of natural secondary forest and farmland were formed.To restore zonal vegetation,zonal tree species should be introduced,and stabilized and proper structural forest community structure should be established.