也论刑法解释的基本思想及主体——与吴丙新同志商榷

Research on Fundamental Ideology and Subject of Interpretation to Criminal Law——discussing with Mr. Wu Bingxin

关于刑法解释的基本思想,有主观说、客观说、折衷说之分。主观说主张刑法解释应揭示刑法的立法原意,客观说反对揭示立法原意,折衷说在二者之间调和。吴丙新同志反对主观说,并讲了许多理由。笔者认为,刑法解释只能揭示刑法的立法原意,不允许在法律之外寻找什么"活生生的法律"。关于刑法解释的主体,吴丙新同志认为立法机关、理论工作者和检察机关都不是刑法解释的主体,但法官是解释的主体。笔者与丙新的观点相左,并提出了商榷意见。

On the fundamental ideology of the interpretation to criminal law, there exist subjective theory, objective theory and compromise one. The subjective theory argues on interpretation to criminal law ought to reflect the original intention when it was enacted;the objective theory is opposite;and the compromise theory splits the difference between them. Mr. Wu Bingxin disagrees with the subjective theory and disproves it. This paper argues that interpretation to criminal law is just the reflection of original intention, and seeking for 'the living law' out of it is not permitted. On the subject of criminal law interpretation, Mr. Wu thinks that not the legislature, scholar and procurator but the judge ought to be entitled to interpret the criminal law. The author brings forward the different viewpoint and argues for it.