1Craft S,Asthana S,Newcomer JW et al.Enhancement of memory in Alzheimer disease with insulin and somatostatin,but not glucose.Arch Gen Psychiatry,1999,56:1135
2Watson GS,Craft S. The role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease:implications for treatment. CNS Drugs,2003;17(1):27
3Gasparini L,Netzer WJ,Greengard P et al.Does insulin dysfunction play a role in Alzheimer disease? Trends Pharmacol Sci,2002,23(6):288
4Xie L,Helmerhorst E,Taddei K et al.Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptides compete for insulin binding to the insulin receptor.J Neurosci,2002,22(10):RC221
5hoyer S. Memory function and brain glucosemmetabolism. Pharmacopsychiatry,2003,36(1):62
6Messier C. Diabetes,Alzheimer disease and apolipoprotein genotype. Exp Gerontol,2003,38(9):941
7Hoyer S.The aging brain.Changes in the neutal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger late-onset sporadicdisease(SAD).J Neutal Transm,2002.109(7-8):991
2Winer S,Astsaturov I,Cheung RK, et aL Type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis patients target islet plus central nervous system autoantigens;nonimmunized nonobese diabetic mice can develop autoimmune encephalitis. J Immunol, 2001,166 : 2831-2841.
3Ott A, Stolk RP, Hofman A, et al. Association of diabetes mellitus and dementia:the Rotterdam study. Diabetologia,1996,39:1392-1397.
4Cochet O, Teillaud JL, Sautes C. Immunological techniques made easy. 1st ed. New York : John Wiley & Sons, Inc,1998:230-231.
5Hoyer S. Brain glucose and energy metabolism abnormalities in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Causes and consequences: an update. Exp Gerontol, 2000,35 : 1363-1372.
6Craft S,Asthana S,Schellenberg G,et al.Insulin metabolism in Alzheimer's disease differs according to apolipoprotein-E genotype and gender. Neuroendocrinology, 1999,70:146-152.
7Kudo T, Imaizumi K, Tanimukai H, et al. Are cerebrovascular factors involved in Alzheimer's disease ? Neurobiol Aging, 2000,21:215-224.
8Xie L, Helmerhorst E,Taddei K,et al. Alzheimer's beta-amyloid peptide compete for insulin binding to the insulin receptor. J Neurosci, 2002,22: RC221.
9Bertram L, Blacker D, Mullin K, et al. Evidence for genetic linkage of Alzheimer's disease to chromsome 10q. Science,2000,290:2302-2303.
4Santiago P, Isabel C oCarmen M. The central nervous system and HRT[J]. Int J Feril,2000,45(1) :13--17.
5Lon SS , Martin R , Farlow , et al . Effect of estrogen replaee-ment therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzhetmer disease [J]. Neurology, 1996,46 : 1580-- 1584.
6Thai Leon J,Thomas Ronald G. Estrogen levels do not correlate with improvement in cognition[J ]. Arch Neurol, 2003,60 (2): 209-- 214.
7Tanaka K, Chiba T. Nitric oxide synthase containing nerves in the atrioventricular node of the guinea pig heart [J]. AutonNervSyst, 1995 ,51:245--253.
8Ari B,Jaffe C. Estrogren regulates metabolism of Alzheimer amyloidβ precursor protein[J]. Biol Chem, 1994,269:65-- 80.
9Yankner BA. Mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in AD [J]. Neuron, 1996,16(5) : 21 --32.
10Behl C, Davis JB, Lesley R, et al. Hydrogen peroxide, mediares amyloid beta protein toxicity[J]. Cell, 1994,77(6) : 17--27.