汉魏之际人物品题的三大社会功用

The three social functions of comment on people in the Han-Wei transitional period

在社会混乱的汉魏之际 ,察举制度式微 ,此时逐渐兴起的人物品题之风对发现人才、选拔人才和人才流动以及对社会局势的变化等方面都起着不可忽视的作用。其主要表现 :第一 ,在“君择臣 ,臣亦择君”的汉魏之际 ,人物品题在“择臣”和“择君”的“双向选择”过程中发挥着重要作用 ;第二 ,人物品题对制定战略战术起着不可估量的作用 ;第三 ,人们对曹操与袁绍的对比评论 ,既突出了汉魏之际人物品评重比较的特征 ,又对曹操以弱胜强 ,战胜袁绍起到了重要作用。

In the Han-Wei transitional period characterized by social disorder the recommendatory system declined.The practice of comment on people at that time played an important role in the disocovery,selection and flow of talented people,which was shown as follows:firstly,in the Han-Wei transitional period characterized by'kings' being able to choose their ministers' and 'ministers' being able to choose their kings' comment on people played an important part in the bilateral choice;secondly,it played an important role in formulating strategies and tactics;thirdly,people's comparative comment on Cao Cao and Yuan Shao not only showed that importance was attached to comparison when commenting on people at that time but also played a significant role in Cao Cao's defeating Yuan Shao which was an example of the weak's overcoming the strong.