斜坡上封闭水平板波浪上托力试验研究

Experimental study on uplift forces of waves on a horizontal plate of wharf on a slope

波浪对平板的上托力是海上透空结构物设计的重要依据,不同布置形式的平板波浪上托力有不同的变化规律。本文通过系列模型试验,对斜坡上尾部封闭的水平板波浪上托力产生的机理进行了详细的分析和论述,认为影响其大小的直接因素与尾部透空情况相同,仍为几何因素、动力因素和空气垫层因素,但各因素对波浪上托力的影响程度发生了很大变化。试验结果表明,板下最大冲击压强与最大总上托力并不总是同步发生,其压强分布形式也不尽相同,应分别考虑。

Uplift forces of waves acting on horizontal plates are the important basis for design of maritime permeable structures. For different layouts of horizontal plates, the uplift forces of waves are of different changing laws. In this paper, an experimental study on the uplift forces of waves on a horizontal plate with closed rear on a slope is conducted through a series of model tests. Detailed analysis has been given to the characteristics and formation mechanism of uplift forces of waves. It is thought that the direct factors that influence the magnitude of the force are geometrical factors, dynamic factors and air cushion. The test results show that the maximum uplift forces do not necessarily occur with the maximum impact pressures synchronously and the distributing patterns are also different.