腐植质与有机污染物作用研究进展

Advances of the act of humic substance with the organic pollutants

综述了腐殖质的结构特性、与有机污染物的结合性质以及腐殖质对有机污染物毒性和生物可利用率的影响。已有的研究表明:腐殖质与有机污染物的结合能力受到下列因素的影响———腐殖质的结构、腐殖质的分子量和浓度、有机物的结构、水环境条件以及光化学降解作用等;腐殖质的存在通常降低了有机污染物的毒性,但在少数情况下例外,其推测性的机理还有待于实验进一步验证;有机污染物的生物可利用率不仅与腐殖质的浓度和组成有关,还受水体PH值的影响。本文同时对腐殖质的结构和多样性的研究、腐殖质对极性有机污染物的迁移、毒性和生物可利用率的研究、腐殖质增强某些有机物毒性的机理的研究进行了展望。

Humic substances play an important role in regulating the chemical, biological and physical characteristics in the aquatic systems. Humic substances can bind not only clay particles, but also many environmental and biological important heavy metals and organic pollutants(e.g. PCBs,PAHs,hebicides,pesticides) ,thus modifying their transportation, bioavailability and toxicity. The reviews on the effects of humic substances' properties(molecular weight, chemical structure) and water chemistry conditions(e.g. pH ,ion strength , water hardness) on the affinities of humic substances for binding organic pollutants were made. The influences of these factors on organic pollutants' toxicity and bioavailability are also summarized.