广东省揭阳市饮水型氟病区改水效果调查分析

Survey and Analysis of Water Improvement in Drinking-water Type Fluorosis Areas in Jieyang City

目的了解揭阳市饮水型氟病区改水现状,为今后制定地氟病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学方法调查分析改水后氟病区居民饮水现状和儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果饮用3种不同类型水源水中,自来水氟含量均低于标准(1.0mg/L)。手压井水氟含量最高,超标率为69.57%,使用自来水比例的大小与氟斑牙患病率下降幅度呈高度相关(R=0.98641,P<0.05)。揭东、揭西、惠来3县儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为42.15%、65.21%、64.06%,比改水前有明显下降。结论揭阳市改水降氟虽取得成效,但仍不理想。改水措施应以改换自来水为主要形式,普及氟病区饮用自来水才是控制地氟病的惟一有效方法。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current condition of the drinking water type fluorosis areas in Jieyang City,and provide scientific basis for making measures in future.METHODS The present conditions of using water in fluorosis areas and dental fluorosis of children prevalence have been carried out by epidemiological methods.RESULTS Though monitoring three different types water resource,the fluoride contents of running water were lower than 1.0 mg/L,but those of hand pumping water were at most exceeding 69.57%,and the proportion of using running water is highly positive correlated with the dental fluorosis prevalence rate of children(R=0.986 41,P<0.05).Dental fluorosis prevalence rate of children of Jiedong,Jiexi,Huilai is 42.15%,65.21%,64.06%respectively,which all were obviously lower than before.CONCLUSIONS Though effect of the improving water project was certainly obvious in Jieyang City,but still not ideal.And popularizing running water was only one effective method to control the endemic fluorosis in fluorosis areas in the city.