中国桑寄生科花粉形态研究

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF LORANTHACEAE IN CHINA

本文报道用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察中国桑寄生科45个分类群的花粉形态,综合分析其外部特征,参考内部结构及化学成分方面的资料,探讨本科各属的分类和系统发育。 研究结果表明,中国桑寄生科植物花粉明显区分为两种类型,而且各自有其演化规律。我们也支持将我国的桑寄生科区分为两个独立的科,即 Loranthaceae A.Juss.(1808)和Visca-ceae Miers(1851),使其更全面反映自然系统发育。 过去国产桑寄生亚科种类,发表的新分类群往往当作桑寄生属(Loranthus)植物,据花粉形态研究表明,它们在花粉粒的大小,萌发器官的细微结构以及外壁纹饰方面,可以区分成几个类型,支持应将我国原隶于 Loranthus Linn.属的植物分成6个属的观点。而桑寄生属(Lo-ranthus Jacq.)与梨果寄生属(Scurrula Linn.)这二属的花和花粉形态彼此有明显的区别,是不应将 Scurrula Linn.视作 Loranthus Jacq.(保留属名)的异属名的。

This paper describes the pollen morphology of 45 taxa of Loranthaceaefrom China. The pollen grains were all examined with LM and SEM. The resultsshowed that: (1). According to the pollen morphology of Loranthaceae from China,they are divided clearly into two types and have each natural evolution, of course,the authors support the opinion that the Loranthaceae should be considered as twoindependent families, the Viscaceae and the Loranthaceae. (2). The Loranthaceae ofChina, by far the largest genus is Loranthus, with about 50 species, which was broadlydefined in the past. Their pollen grains are different in either size, germinal apertureor ornamentation and can be divided into several types. We support the viewpoint thatLoranthus Jacq. should be divided into several genera. (3). On the basis of flowerand pollen, Scurrula Linn. distinguishes from those of Loranthus Jacq. and shouldnot be regarded as a synonym of Loranthus Jacq.