儿童慢性轻度哮喘治疗的临床研究

Clinical study on treatment in children with mild chronic asthma

目的 探讨 3～ 8岁儿童慢性轻度哮喘的早期干预治疗方法。方法 将 12 0例 3～ 8岁慢性轻度哮喘患儿随机均分为治疗组 1、2和对照组。治疗组 1:3～ 5岁患儿口服孟鲁司特 (顺尔宁 ) 4 .0mg/d ,5～ 8岁服5 .0mg/d ,疗程 3～ 6个月 ;治疗组 2 :予口服盐酸西替利嗪 2 .5～ 5 .0mg/d ,疗程 3～ 6个月 ;对照组 :口服安慰剂。均于每日睡前服用。结果 与治疗组 2及对照组相比 ,治疗组 1的日间及夜间症状出现率、急性加重发生率、月均 β 受体激动剂使用率、峰值呼气流速 (PEF)变化、嗜酸性粒细胞计数 (EC)下降率的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,而住院率、药物不良反应率的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。治疗组 2与对照组EC值的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,其余指标的差异均无显著性 (P值均 >0 .0 5 )。结论 白三烯受体拮抗剂孟鲁司特单独用于慢性轻型哮喘儿童的早期干预治疗具有疗效好。

Objective To explore the way of early management in children with mild chronic asthma aged 3～8 years old. Methods 120 children aged 3～8 years with chronic mild asthma were randomly divided into two groups, 40 for each in treated group and control group. The treated group was divided into two subgroups 1 and 2. Montelukast was given regularly to subgroup 1 and second generation antihistamines given to subgroup 2. The children in the control group received placebo. Dynamic changes of peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate , the frequency of acute episodes, EC decreasing rate, hospitalized rate and adverse effects of these drugs were observed. Results In subgroup 1, there were significant differences in dynamic changes of PEF rate, frequency of acute episodes and EC decreasing rate, but there were no significant differences in hospitalized rate and adverse effects of drugs.In subgroup 2,only EC value was significantly different in compared with the control group. Conclusion The leukotriene modifier is effective in treating the children with mild chronic asthma, worthy to be recommended.