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mGluRS与缺血性脑损伤的研究进展

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摘要 谷氨酸是哺乳类动物中枢神经系统中主要的兴奋性神经递质,对突触兴奋性的传导起调节作用,在生理状态下参与许多生理功能的调节,如学习和记忆、神经系统发育等.在脑缺血、颅脑损伤、癫痫发作、神经变性疾病等病理过程中,谷氨酸也起着重要作用.目前将 GluRs 按与配体结合后的效应的不同分为两类:离子型谷氨酸受体(inotropic glutamate receptors,iGluRs),包括NMDA受体,AMPA受体和KA受体;代谢型谷氨酸受体(metabotropic glutamate receptors,mGluRs).对于iGluRs在脑缺血后神经损伤中的作用已经了解的比较清楚,并针对性地研制出一些神经保护药物.但这类受体在突触快速传递中起着相当重要的作用,阻断它们会发生很多的副反应.近年来的研究表明,与G蛋白偶联的mGluRs主要分布于中枢神经系统,阻断mGluRs对于突触快速传递不会有很大的影响,只会发生有限的一些副反应[1],因此可能是治疗缺血性脑损伤的新途径.
作者 孙铁 郭莲军
出处 《咸宁学院学报(医学版)》 2004年第3期160-163,共4页 Journal of Xianning Univarsity(medical Sciences)
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