5′-杂氮-2′-脱氧胞苷对高危组骨髓增生异常综合征细胞作用的体外研究

Effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine on Cell of High-risk Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndome in vitro

本研究探讨 5′ 杂氮 2′ 脱氧胞苷 (5 aza 2′ deoxycytidine ,5 Aza CdR ,Decitabine)对高危组骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS)细胞体外作用的机制。以人MDS RAEB细胞株MUTZ 1细胞为研究对象 ,采用细胞培养技术、MTT增殖抑制实验测定细胞存活率及抑制率 ;用细胞形态学、流式细胞术检测磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PS)转位及细胞凋亡 ;用RT PCR检测 p15INK4B基因、甲基转移酶 (DNMT1、DNMT3A、DNMT3B)基因mRNA表达 ;用甲基化特异PCR(MSP)方法检测 p15INK4B基因甲基化程度。结果表明 :5 Aza CdR对MUTZ 1细胞有生长抑制作用 ;作用后的细胞显示凋亡细胞的特征性改变。p15INK4B基因甲基化程度随 5 Aza CdR剂量增加而减弱 ,伴随 p15INK4B基因mRNA表达增加。经 3.2mmol/L 5 Aza CdR作用 4 8小时后 ,MUTZ 1细胞DNMT3A mRNA表达水平较未加药组明显下降 (灰度比为 0 .385∶0 .6 5 4 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,DNMT1、DNMT3B mRNA表达水平与未加药组相比无明显改变。结论 :在 0 .4 - 6 .4mmol/L浓度范围 5 Aza CdR通过诱导MUTZ 1细胞凋亡而抑制该细胞生长 ,这可能是其抗肿瘤的主要机制之一。 5 Aza CdR可能通过下调DNMT3A mRNA表达使p15INK4B基因甲基化程度下降 ,从而恢复其表达。

To investigate the effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on cell of high-risk patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in vitro, the growth inhibition of MUTZ-1 cell induced by 5-Aza-CdR was detected by MTT method;apoptosis was detected by morphological observation and translocation of phosphatidylserine (PS) was examined by flow cytometry assay;the expressions of P15INK4B,DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)_1,DNMT_ 3A and DNMT_ 3B gene on mRNA level were detected by RT-PCR;methylation of p15INK4B gene in MUTZ-1 cells was detected by PCR using methylation specific primer (MSP). The results showed that 5-Aza-CdR inhibited the growth of MUTZ-1 cells. The IC_ 50 values of 24,48 and 72 hours were 6.75,2.82 and 5.45 mmol/L respectively. Characteristic changes of apoptosis emerged in MUTZ-1 cells after being exposed to 5-Aza-CdR in the different concentration from 0.8 mmol/L to 3.2 mmol/L,and the positive cells of annexin Ⅴ on the membrane of MUTZ-1 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. 5-Aza-CdR could activate the p15INK4B gene expression in MUTZ-1 cells by demethylation of the p15INK4B gene in a dose-dependent manner after the cells were treated for 48 hours. Furthermore,5-Aza-CdR could significantly down-regulate the expressions of DNA methyltransferase genes DNMT_ 3A at mRNA level in a dose dependent manner. However,it had no effects on DNMT_1 gene and DNMT_ 3B gene. It is concluded that 5-Aza-CdR can inhibit the growth of MUTZ-1 cells and induce the apoptosis of these cells within the range of concentration from 0.8 mmol/L to 3.2 mmol/L,which may be one of the mechanisms of antitumor effects of 5-Aza-CdR. The drug can activate the expression of p15INK4B gene in MUTZ-1 cells by demethylation of the p15INK4B gene through inhibiting the expression of DNMT_ 3A gene. It may be the mechanism of 5-Aza-CdR in the treatments of MDS.