油田热采注汽系统软化污水结垢原因

Fouling of Demineralized Waste Water in Steam Inject system of Oil Field

中国石化股分有限公司胜利油田分公司现河采油厂乐安油田热采注汽系统于 2 0 0 0年 2月使用软化污水以后 ,在炉管、蒸汽输送管线、井下工具等部位发生了结垢 (结盐 ) ,造成 30 1号湿蒸汽发生器爆管事故。X -射线衍射、能谱元素分析表明 :污水中二氧化硅及钾、钠离子超标 (SiO2 含量 5 0mg/L ,Na+ +K+ 含量2 4 4 4 .7mg/L)导致在高温加热条件下生成硅酸盐沉积是上述部位结垢的根本原因 ,而注汽系统及井下管柱泄漏引起温度、压力改变导致了结垢的发生。建议应对泄漏部位及时维修并研制相应的高温抗垢剂。

When the demineralized waste water was used for the steam injection system in the oil field in Shengli Oil Field Co., Ltd/SINOPEC in February, 2000, fouling (salt deposit) occurred in the furnace tubes, steam pipelines and well tools etc, which led to tube fracture of 301 wet steam generator. The x-ray and energy spectrum analysis show that the basis cause of the fouling is the deposit of silicate formed in high temperature conditions due to the excessive SiO_2, Na+ and K+ (SiO_2: 50 mg/L, Na+ and K+ : 2444.7 mg/L). The temperature and pressure changes caused by the leakage of well pipe and steam injection system results in the fouling. It is recommended that a timely maintenance on the leakage location be made and high-temperature anti-fouling agent be developed.