听觉、时间加工能力与发展性阅读障碍

Auditory and Temporal Processing and Developmental Dyslexia

近年来阅读障碍者的知觉加工越来越受到重视 ,本文介绍了近期国外关于阅读障碍者的听觉加工能力、时间加工能力的最新研究进展。快速听觉加工能力的缺失在阅读障碍者身上普遍存在 ,并被认为是阅读障碍产生的主要原因 ;有研究者提出“时间控制障碍”假说 ,认为阅读障碍源自一种普遍性的时间知觉障碍 ,不具有通道特异性。除此之外 ,还发现阅读障碍者对声音频率、响度等非时间特征也出现了觉察困难。通过这些研究我们可以看到 ,听觉加工能力、快速时间加工能力与阅读能力之间可能有着密切的关系 ,但这几种能力如何具体作用于阅读发展 ,它们之间如何相互作用、相互影响仍需进一步探讨。

Developmental dyslexia is increasingly recognized to be related to the deficits of sensory processing.This paper reviews current studies of the relationship between auditory and temporal processing and developmental dyslexia.It points out that these studies were guided by the two dominant but not exclusive views:the hypothesis of auditory processing deficits in dyslexia and the hypothesis of general temporal processing deficit across different modalities.Experimental evidences gathered so far are divergent and further studies are needed,especially for non alphabetic scripts like Chinese.