围绝经期抑郁症的研究进展

Progress in study on perimenopausal depressive disorder

更年期抑郁症状多发生在妇女生育旺盛的性成熟期向老年期过渡的这一阶段 ,在欧美等国的发病率为2 0 % ,而我国北京妇女更年期情感障碍的发病率为 36 .1% ,且其发病率有逐年上升趋势。更年期抑郁症多以情感持续性低落为主要特征 ,以情绪抑郁、焦虑、紧张、猜疑为主要临床症状 ,严重者有自杀倾向 ,成为社会、家庭极不稳定的因素 ,已引起世界范围的关注。因发生上述症状即有生物学因素、也有社会心理因素 ,更年期情感障碍是典型的社会 心理 医学模式。

According to the second edition of The Classification and Diagnosis Criteria of Chinese Psychosis, perimenopausal depressive disorder mainly occur in the transition period of a woman from highly generative sexual maturation period to geratic period, which belongs to the high risk age stage of emotional disorders. In European and American countries, its incidence rate is about 20%, while that in Beijing city is 36.1%, and its morbidity shows an increase trend year by year. Being a progressive course, women get older and older, their generative organs become atrophy and menopausal, which is a sign of perimenopausal period. On one hand, there is a biological factor, which is due to the decreasing estrogen level to cause changes inside the body. On the other hand, there is also a social psychological factor, which affects the psychology of the women in this age stage. It has been paid a close worldwide attention, since the perimenopausal depressive disorder is characterized by chronic mood depression complicated with some main symptoms such as depression, tension, anxiety, nervousness, suspiciousness, even the extreme cases may commit suicide, which cast an unstable shadow onto the families and society. Since the symptoms of perimenopausal depressive disorder not only involve with biological factors, but also social factors, therefore, it is a typical social-psychological-medical pattern.