十字花科植物中的硫代葡萄糖苷及其降解产物

Glucosinolates and its degraded products in cruciferous plants

硫代葡萄糖苷是一种含硫的阴离子亲水性植物次生代谢产物,广泛分布于十字花科植物中。植物体中硫代葡萄糖苷和葡萄糖硫苷酶(俗称黑芥子酶)形成硫代葡萄糖苷-葡萄糖硫苷酶体系。在完整的植物中,硫代葡萄糖苷存在于细胞的液泡中,葡萄糖硫苷酶存在于特定的蛋白体中,两者相互分离,但当组织和细胞受到损伤时,葡萄糖硫苷酶就会被释放出来,葡萄糖硫苷酶将硫代葡萄糖苷水解,产生异硫代氰酸盐等降解产物。近年来的研究发现,异硫代氰酸盐以阻遏和抑制因子发挥抗癌作用。

Glucosinolates are anionic,hydrophilic and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites which are mainly found in cruciferous plants.Glucosinolates and thioglucoside glucohydrolase(myrosinase)form glucosinolate-myrosinase system in plant.Glucosinolates and myrosinase are present in the vacuoles and in the definite protosome in intact cell and tissues respectively.But when tissues and cells are damaged,my-rosinase will release and hydrolyze glucosinolates to generate degraded products,such as isothiocyanates and so on.Furthermore,recent researches have found out that isothiocyanates have the anti-cancer effects by using the inhibiting and repressing factors.