罗汉果产区土壤肥力状况与罗汉果产量和品质的关系

A Study on the Nutrition Situation of Soil and the Output and Quality of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C.Jeffrey Fruits in the Main Productive Areas

1999～ 2 0 0 2年对广西永福县和临桂县两个罗汉果主产区进行 1999年以来罗汉果的土壤肥力状况与罗汉果产量和品质关系的调查研究。结果表明 ,罗汉果产区土壤全氮、全钾和速效钾的平均含量分别为 1.6 5 g/ kg、17.9g/ kg、 89mg/ kg,属中等水平 ;土壤全磷和速效磷的平均含量分别为 0 .4 5 g/ kg和 3.4 mg/ kg,属偏低水平。罗汉果的产量平均为 5 782 5 .0个 / hm2 ,单株产果量平均为 12 .9个 ;罗汉果鲜果的水溶性糖总量平均 6 .5 1% ,罗汉果鲜果的维生素 C含量平均 36 2 1.6 mg/ kg。罗汉果产量与土壤全氮、土壤全磷成正相关 (Sig. <0 .0 5 )。在罗汉果土壤全氮、全磷和全钾比例一定的情况下 ,水溶性糖总量与有机肥施用量成正相关。因子分析表明 ,影响罗汉果生产的主要因子有土壤全氮、土壤全磷、土壤全钾的含量 ,其次土壤水分和土壤速效钾含量 ,有机肥料施用量 ,水溶性糖总量、维生素 C、土壤酸碱度等 ,通过施用有机肥料和生物肥料 ,优化肥料配比等 ,对改善罗汉果的营养状况及提高罗汉果产量 ,改善罗汉果品质具有重要的作用。

An investigation about the nutrition situation of soil,the product and quality of Siraitia grosvenorii(Swingle) C.Jeffrey fruits was conduct on two Siraitia grosvenorii(Swingle) C.Jeffrey productive area in Yongfu and Lingui counties in Guangxi during 1999 to 2002.The investigated results indicate that the average content of total nitrogen,total potassium and the rapidly available potassium in the soil are respectively 1.65 g/kg and 17.9 g/kg.89 mg/kg.It is in a middle level.While the average content of total phosphorus and rapidly available phosphorus are 0.45 g/kg and 3.4 mg/kg respectively.It is in a low level.The average total yield of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle)C.Jeffrey fruits is 57825.0 fruits per hm2,and the average yield of individual plant is 12.9 fruits;The average content of the water soluble sugar and the vitamin C in fresh fruit are 6.51% and 3621.6 mg/kg respectively.There is a positive correlation between the fruit yield and the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil (Sig.<0.05).There is also a positive correlation between the water soluble sugar of fresh fruits and the quantity of organic fertilizers applied in soil when the content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in soil were defined.The factor analysis indicate that the main factors in Siraitia grosvenorii(Swingle) C.Jeffrey production are the content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in soil.The content of the water in soil and rapidly available potassium,the quantity of organic fertilizers applied,water soluble sugar,vitamin C and acidity are next component.Thus,applying the organic and biological fertilizer to optimize the proportion of fertilizer are very important for increasing the yield and improving the quality and the nutrition state of Siraitia grosvenorii(Swingle) C.Jeffrey fruits.