苄醇对位硝化的研究

Study of Para Nitration of Benzyl Alcohol

在0.50g浓硫酸催化下,32 40g苄醇与18 00g乙酸酐在50g苯中发生酯化反应,生成的44 12g乙酸苄醇酯溶于40 00g浓硫酸中,与68 64g混酸〔m(硝酸)∶m(多聚磷酸)∶m(硫酸)=1∶0 4∶0 7〕在-10～-5℃下发生对位硝化反应3h后,再用质量分数为20%的氢氧化钠水解得到对硝基苄醇35 22g,总收率76 73%。

Esterification of 32.40 g benzyl alcohol and 18.00g acetic anhydride in the presence of 0.50 g H_2SO_4 as catalyst with 50.0 g benzene as solvent gave 44.12 g benzyl acetate.The ester dissolved in 40.00 g H_2SO_4 was para nitrated by 68.64 g mixed acid 〔m(HNO_3)∶m(polyphosphoric acid)∶m(H_2SO_4)=1∶0.4∶0.7〕 at -10～-5 ℃ for 3 h and then hydrolyzed by 20% sodium hydroxide to give 35.22 g 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol with total yield of 76.73%.