试论藏族的“一妻多夫”婚姻

On the “polyandrous” marriage of the Tibetan ethnic group

藏族地区的“一妻多夫”婚姻 ,长期以来一直是国内外学术界关注的研究专题 ,但是国内学者在这一领域所开展的深入、系统的实地调查尚不多见 ,一些研究也仍然停留在现象描述的层次。本文分别介绍了国内外学者在“一妻多夫”婚姻方面的研究成果 ,特别介绍了美国学者戈德斯坦结合藏族土地继承制度和劳役制度来分析婚姻形式的研究 ;同时 ,联系藏族的婚姻禁忌、妇女社会地位等方面分析了藏族“一妻多夫”

For a long time past, the “polyandrous” marriage in areas inhabited by the Tibeta ethnic group has been a special subject in which the academic circles at home and abroad are interested, however, the systematic fieldwork in depth undertaken by the Chinese and foreign scholars in this field of study are still quite limited so far, some studies remain limited in the descrimination of phenomena. This article presents an account about the research achievements on “polyandrous” marriage gained by scholars at home and abroad, gives a special introduction to the study made by Goldstein, an American scholar, who has combined the studies of the Tibetan land inheritance system and corvee system with the analysis of the marriage forms; at the same time he has analysed the causes and influence factors that led to the coming into being of the Tibetan “polyandrous” marriage in relating to the Tibetan taboos in marriage, the social status of the Tibetan women, etc..