语言学研究的三个取向——研海一楫之一

Relativity, Reformation and Universality: What Helps in Linguistic Research

语言学研究的基本要求是乔姆斯基提出的三个“充分” ,即 :充分的观察、充分的描写和充分的解释。在解释方面 ,功能主义相继出现过结构功能主义方法、语用功能主义方法和认知功能主义方法。为了能达到语言学研究的这三个“充分” ,无论采用以什么为主的方法 ,都可考虑实践三个“取向” ,即 :相对性取向、变革性取向和一般性取向。

It is commonly acknowledged that the basic requirements in linguistic research rely on the achievement in adequate observation, adequate description, and adequate explanation. With regard to the process of explanation, functionalists have attempted the approaches of structural functionalism, pragmatic functionalism, and cognitive functionalism. In conjunction with the practice of research, three orientations are suggested, no matter what approach is to be adopted. The three orientations are the orientation of relativity, of reformation, and of universality.