现代汉语形容词的典型特征

Typical features of modern Chinese adjectives

汉语的形容词是个有争议的词类,是否具有词类地位,语法学家的观点并非一致。笼统地说,Schachter(1985)等西方学者认为汉语属于典型的形—动语言,而马建忠(1898)等国内多数语法学家尽管在形容词的次范畴分类上不尽相同,但他们都认为汉语形容词是一个独立的词类。本文试图通过对典型特征的揭示来为汉语形容词作词类定位,并在此基础上对一些语言现象给予合理的解释。典型特征的探讨也将有利于认清形容词的本质属性,建立与汉语事实相吻合的词类系统。

The category of Chinese adjectives is problematic.Grammarians disagree on whether it is a self-sufficient lexical category.Foreign scholars like Schachter (1985) believe that Chinese is a language typical of using adjectives as predicates.Most native researchers like Ma Jianzhong (1898),on the other hand,insist that Chinese adjectives be defined as an independent lexical category,although they hold different schemas of its subcategories.This thesis tries to relocate the categorical status of Chinese adjectives by revealing its typical features,facilitating the clarification of the essential features of adjectives and the establishment of a lexical system fitting the reality of Chinese.