大系统控制论在体育管理中的应用研究

Application Study of Macro System Cybernetics in Management of Physical Education

体育系统作为一个综合大系统,具有庞大性、复杂性、主动性、不确定性和不确知性等特点。大系统控制论是专门研究各种大系统控制过程、方法和共同规律的一门新兴学科。对于研究、决策、控制、管理体育大系统具有直接的指导和方法论的意义。研究结论为:体育大系统由若干子系统构成,涉及学科众多,并且学科交叉综合。所以在宏观理论的指导上,要运用大系统控制理论,集成运筹学、决策学,控制论、计算机科学与人工智能多学科的技术和方法体系。避免决策、管理和调控的随机性、盲目性,促进体育管理向现代化、科学化发展。

The system of physical education as a comprehensive large system is characterized by its largeness, complexity, activeness, uncertainty and un-cognoscibility, which are also shared by other systems. The macro system cybernetics is a new discipline specializing in the controlling process, methods and common principles of all kinds of macro systems. It has directional influence on the study, decision-making, controlling and management of the physical education macro system. It is concluded that the macro system of physical education is composed of many smaller systems, involving many other disciplines. Therefore, technology and methods of such disciplines as macro system cybernetics, integrated operational research theory, decision-making theory, cybernetics, computer science and artificial intelligence should be used to avoid the randomness and blindness of the decision-making, management and controlling so as to make physical education management more modern and scientific.