论曲艺的本质特征

On the Essential Characteristics of Quyi

曲艺是以口头语言进行“说唱”的表演艺术。“口头语言”、“说唱”和“表演”是构成这一本质特征缺一不可的三个基本要素。“口头语言”是构成曲艺“说唱”表演的基本材质 ,是曲艺进行艺术建构的物质依托 ;“表演”是曲艺所以成为艺术的逻辑形态 ;“说唱”作为曲艺进行艺术创造的主要审美建构方式 ,是曲艺进行艺术表现的根本手段 ,具体含有四种情形 ,即“说”、“唱”、“又说又唱”和“似说似唱 (韵诵 )”。并且 ,这些特点表现在曲艺“说唱”的内在关联上 ,有着自身的一致性 ,其内涵是构成曲艺本质特征的三个要素中最具质的规定性的所在。对于曲艺有别于其他综合性表演艺术形式的主要特点的深入探讨和正确认识 ,意义十分重大 ,它不仅可以指导曲艺的艺术创演与革新沿着正确的路径发展 ,而且有利于我们对曲艺艺术遗产的深刻继承 。

Quyi (Chinese folk art forms) is a“talking and singing” performing art in spoken language.“Spoken language”,“talking and singing”and“performance” are three basic elements to constitute the essential characteristics of quyi . It is significant to delve into and understand the major characteristics that distinguish quyi from other comprehensive performing arts in an effort to bring the creation, performance and reform of quyi to a right way, help inherit the art of quyi and push forward and deepen the theory construction of the art of quyi .