骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的微创治疗

Minimally invasive treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折常导致患者疼痛、活动受限,特别是随着老龄人群的增加,其发病率逐渐升高。传统采用保守治疗或者手术治疗效果不理想。近年采用椎体成形术(PVP)或后凸成形术(PKP)微创治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,经皮穿刺椎体内注入骨水泥或先用球囊撑开压缩的椎体后再注入骨水泥进行椎体强化,可以达到稳定骨折、恢复椎体力学强度和缓解疼痛的目的。本文就有关这种微创治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的最新进展加以综述。

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is a leading cause of pain and disability for the elderly. It tends to occur more frequently as the senile population continues to increase. The traditional treatment and surgery are often poorly tolerated by the elderly. In recently years, the minimally invasive percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty have become common procedures to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. Percutaneous injection of bone cement or expansion of an inflatable sacculus to enlarge the compressed vertebra before the vertebral body is strengthened by cement deposition can stabilize the fracture and reduce pain. This article is to review the indications, surgical techniques, clinical results and complications for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty in recent years.