ATP结合盒A1在胆固醇流出和动脉粥样硬化中的作用

ATP-binding Cassette A1-Roles in Cellular Cholesterol Efflux and Atherosclerosis

ABCA 1是ATP结合盒 (ABC)转运子超家族成员。ABCA 1基因的表达受到多种代谢物的严格调控。ABCA 1基因的突变引起Tangier病 (TD)。胆固醇逆向转运清除组织过量的胆固醇 ,防止动脉粥样硬化(AS)的产生。而细胞内胆固醇的流出是胆固醇逆向转运的限速步骤 ,ABCA 1促进胆固醇的流出而参与胆固醇的逆向转运过程。TD杂合子和转ABCA 1基因的研究证实 ,ABCA 1具有防止早期AS的作用。ABCA 1激活剂已成为临床上预防和治疗AS的新靶点。

ABCA 1 belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. ABCA 1 gene expression is highly regulated by many metabolites. Mutations in the ABCA 1 gene cause Tangier disease. Reverse cholesterol transport can remove excess cholesterol from tissues to prevent the formation of atherosclerosis. Cellular cholesterol efflux is the limiting step of reverse cholesterol transport. ABCA 1 mediates reverse cholesterol transport by promoting cellular cholesterol efflux. Studies of ABCA 1 transgenic mice proved that ABCA 1 protects individuals from developing premature atherosclerosis. ABCA 1 activators has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for AS.