浸矿细菌表面性质研究

Study on Surface Properties of Ore Bioleaching Bacteria

为了探索浸矿细菌的吸附机理 ,提高生物冶金运作中的金属回收率 ,对浸矿细菌的表面性质进行了研究。在对硫培养的T .f(Thiobacillusferrooxidans)进行透射电镜 (TEM )观察时发现在它们的吸附面形成了外膜泡 ,而在铁培养的细菌中未观察到外膜泡。外膜泡仅在存在固体矿物的基质中形成 ,说明它在浸矿细菌吸附至矿物过程中起着十分重要的作用 ;用电镜细胞化学方法证实了浸矿细菌表面存在着脂类、多糖和蛋白质等物质 ,并阐明了它们在吸附过程中的作用 ;用FTIR法证实了T .f表面存在着—CONH—、OH、CH3 、CH2 等基团及C -O键。分析了这些基团在吸附过程中的作用。

To explore the attachment mechanism of the ore bioleaching bacteria so as to increase the metal recovery in bio-metallurgical operation,study was made on the surface properties of the bioleaching bacteria. Some outer-membrane vesicles were found on the attachment side of sulfur-cultivated thiobacillus ferooxidans (T.f) by TEM observation while no outer-membrane vesicles were observed in iron-cultivated bacteria. That outer-membrane vesicles can only formed in the solid mineral medium indicates that it plays a very important role in the process of bacteria attachment to minerals. The existence of lipids,polysaccharides and proteins on the surface of the bacteria is verified by the electron microscope cytochemistry and their function in the attachment process is expounded. The existence of groups such as —C O NH?ONH—,OH,CH3 a nd CH2and C-O bond on T.f surface is also verified by FTIR method and their fu nction in the attachment process analysed.