黄河三角洲海岸及滨海区演变与河口流路、入海水沙的关系

ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUANGHE RIVER DELTA AND ITS RELATION TO THE RIVERWAY AND SAND ENTERING THE SEA

黄河自 185 5年夺大清河道入渤海的 14 0多年来 ,除 1938年以前部分时段在河口段以上改道使现三角洲河竭和 1938～ 194 7年花园口人为决口夺淮入海外 ,其余 10 0多年均在现三角洲上行河入海。由于黄河每年都携带巨量泥沙进入河口地区 ,并且在三角洲面上决口、分汊、改道频繁 ,使三角洲演变剧烈 ,海岸变化复杂。黄河输往河口地区的泥沙除一部分淤积在河口附近河道外 ,其余部分进入河口滨海区 ,其中大部分快速落淤在河口附近的近岸海域 ,还有一部分被海洋动力输往较远的海域。因此 。

During the past 140 plus years since the Huanghe River emptied into the Bohai Sea through the Daqing Riverway in 1855, the present Huanghe River Delta has been the location for it to enter the sea for over a century, except a short period of time when its course changed, and the time from 1938 to 1947 when it entered the sea via the Huanghe River because its dykes were breached. The Huanghe River Delta has been undergoing dramatic changes, leading to complex changes in its coast, as a result of huge amounts of mud and sand brought down by the river, which cause frequent breaches, branchings, and course changes.Part of the mud and sand deposits on the riverbed near the mouth, the rest enters the coastal waters, most of which deposits rapidly, with a small part moving to further areas by waves and current. Therefore, the evolution of the coast of the Huanghe River Delta and the change in the route of the river mouth are closely related to the change of the sand movement entering the sea.